Q&A Pin gear drive unit
We have posted frequently asked questions from customers in Q&A format. Please click on the question to proceed to the answer.
Words in Q&Aof
General
Selection and specifications
Maintenance and handling

| Q1 | What is the function of Pin gear drive unit (PDU)? |
|---|---|
| A1 |
A simple drive unit for straight/curved lines, this gear rack with rollers can be used when you want to perform reciprocating motion in a straight line, or when you want to rotate or oscillate. It has the same function as a rack and pinion, but is a power transmission component with different features and capabilities. Unlike a chain and sprocket winding transmission, this is a transmission in which the teeth mesh together in a single gear. |
| Q2 | Is the pin gear tooth profile of Pin gear drive unit (PDU) different from that of a regular sprocket? |
| A2 |
While general drive sprockets use JIS standard S or U tooth profiles designed for winding transmission, the pin gears in Pin gear drive unit (PDU) use special tooth profiles. The tooth shapes differ for straight and curved gears, and even for inscribed and circumscribed gears for curved gears. |
| Q3 | What is the difference between the frame number and gear module of Pin gear drive unit (PDU)? |
| A3 |
Gear module is the pitch diameter of a gear divided by the number of teeth. On the other hand, Pin gear drive unit (PDUs) use pitch as the frame number. The PDU020 has a pitch of 20 mm. The larger both are, the stronger they are. |
| Q4 | What types of frame sizes are available for Pin gear drive unit (PDU)? |
| A4 |
The lineup includes 14 different frame sizes by pitch: PDU020, 022, 030, 035, 040, 050, 055, 070, 080, 090, 120, 150, 180, and 240. The larger the frame number, the higher the tangential load. |
| Q5 | Can Pin gear drive unit (PDU) be used for lifting? |
| A5 |
It can also be used for lifting. By setting the pin gear in the lifting section, a layout can be created that eliminates unnecessary steps when transferring between lifting sections. |
| Q6 | What are the advantages of Pin gear drive unit (PDU) compared to chain and sprocket drives? |
| A6 |
Pin gear drive unit (PDU) takes up less space than a typical chain and sprocket winding transmission, contributing to a more compact overall device. It is also easy to install and there is no need to replace the chain due to stretching. |
| Q7 | What are the advantages of Pin gear drive unit (PDU) compared to a rack and pinion? |
| A7 |
Pin gear drive unit (PDU) has a unique meshing design that ensures reliable meshing even if the installation precision (center distance) is somewhat poor. Also, unlike gear racks, the structure is designed to prevent disengagement due to the accumulation of foreign matter in the meshing area. The pin gear meshing area has rollers that rotate, which is beneficial in terms of wear. |
| Q8 | What are the advantages of Pin gear drive unit (PDUs) compared to girth gears (gear systems)? |
| A8 |
The pinwheel has a hollow structure consisting of a frame, pins, and rollers, making it lightweight and easy to handle. The relatively large center distance makes installation easy. In the case of oscillation, pinwheels can be manufactured with only the required rotation angle, making them economical. |
| Q9 | Can Pin gear drive unit (PDU) be used in a dusty atmosphere? |
| A9 |
The pin rack and pin wheel have a hollow structure consisting of a frame, pins, and rollers, making it difficult for foreign matter to accumulate. On the other hand, if the dust is very small and gets stuck between the rollers and pins, the rollers will stick and stop rotating, which can cause abnormal wear, so caution and measures are required. |
| Q10 | Is Pin gear drive unit (PDU) sold as a set consisting of a pin gear and pin rack or pin wheel? |
| A10 |
The pin gear is designed with an optimal tooth profile according to the pin rack and pin wheel that it is combined with. Therefore, they are generally sold as a set. Replacement parts will also be sold individually after confirming the drawing number on the delivery drawing. If you are willing to accept a warranty on shape only (functionality is not guaranteed), we will consider selling pin gears, pin racks, and pin wheels individually, so please contact us for details. |
| Q11 | How should I select Pin gear drive? |
| A11 |
Please fill out the necessary information on the "Selection Service Sheet" in the catalog and consult with our sales office or a distributor you have a business relationship with. We also offer a selection service on the Tsubaki Power Transmission General Engineer Site TT-net. |
| Q12 | Can I use model numbers other than those selected for Pin gear drive? |
| A12 |
Any size equal to or larger than the selected model number can be used. Although it is necessary to consider the balance with the size of the machinery, increasing the size may result in a reduction in the number of component parts such as rollers and pins, leading to cost reductions. Also, for equipment that is assumed to be rarely operated or for equipment that uses two rows, it is possible to reduce the size, so please contact us. |
| Q13 | What kind of rust prevention measures (surface treatment specifications) are available? |
| A13 |
For rust prevention measures (surface treatment specifications) for steel types, we offer black dyeing, electroless nickel-phosphorus plating, as well as our own highly rust-resistant specifications (compatible frame numbers: PDU030 to 120). There is also a stainless steel type that is less strong but more corrosion resistant. |
| Q14 | In what environments can the highly rust-resistant specification be used? |
| A14 |
Can be used in outdoor environments where strength is required. There are also cases where it has been adopted in environments where it is exposed to seawater and where it requires stronger rust prevention than steel types. Please contact us. |
| Q15 | The highly rust-resistant PDU020 and PDU022 sizes are not listed in the catalog, but are they not available? Can you confirm? |
| A15 |
Please contact us as we may be able to accommodate your request. However, ring-shaped integrated pinwheels cannot be made with high anti-rust specifications. |
| Q16 | The mass of the pin gear, pin rack, and pin wheel is not listed in the catalog. |
| A16 |
The mass of each part is indicated on the drawing. Please check the drawing download service. |
| Q17 | Can I specify the initial lubricant applied during assembly? (Food grease, grease for vacuum environments, etc.) |
| A17 |
We will consider using a specific lubricant if you have one. In that case, we may ask you to provide lubricant, so please contact us to confirm if you are considering this. |
| Q18 | Is it possible to change the material of the pin gear, pin rack, and pin wheel? |
| A18 |
Please contact us as we will consider material strength and availability. |
| Q19 | Is the catalog value the limit for the accuracy of the distance between the installation centers of the pin gear and pin rack/pin wheel? |
| A19 |
The center distance is related to the backlash value. The center distance can be further increased by manufacturing the pin gear tooth profile with a large backlash specification. We also offer a flexible type with a larger center distance than the standard product. |
| Q20 | Is it possible to reduce the backlash of Pin gear drive unit (PDU)? |
| A20 |
It is possible to reduce the backlash to approximately 2/3 of the standard backlash (compatible frame numbers: PDU020 to 120), so please contact us for details. In addition, we recommend using a friction lock type connection between the shaft and pin gear. |
| Q21 | Is it possible to manufacture pin racks and pin wheels with numbers of rollers other than those listed in the catalog? |
| A21 |
It is possible to support any device with more than the minimum number of pins. You can check the dimensions by entering the desired number of rollers using the drawing download service. *There is a limit to the number of rollers that can be downloaded, so please contact us if this is the case. |
| Q22 | Is there a maximum size limit for the length and diameter of pin racks and pin wheels? |
| A22 |
Because it is a segmented system, you can line up and connect as many as you need, and there are no restrictions on length or diameter. |
| Q23 | Is it possible to request the production of pinwheels with any angle? |
| A23 |
You can purchase pinwheels for just the angle you need. However, each segment must have at least the minimum number of pins. |
| Q24 | It is said to be a segmented system, but can the pinwheel be manufactured as a ring-shaped one-piece type? |
| A24 |
For ring-shaped integrated types, there are upper limits to the frame number and diameter. The diameter is approximately φ800. Pinwheels can be manufactured in split or ring-shaped integrated form. |
| Q25 | What are the bumps on the pinwheel frame for? |
| A25 |
The convex portion is turned to serve as a reference (guide) surface during installation. By providing a reference surface on the mounting base, it is possible to mount the product using the convex part as the reference (guide) surface. |
| Q26 | Do ring-shaped integrated pinwheels have a reference (guide) surface? |
| A26 |
There are no protrusions, but the entire inner or outer circumference has been milled to provide a reference (guide) surface. |
| Q27 | Is it possible to widen the inner frame width to ensure clearance between the pin rack and pin wheel and the pin gear in the width direction? |
| A27 |
Please consider the sizes available in the flexible type (large center distance and frame width clearance). For types other than the flexible type, the method is basically to not increase the inner frame width, but to reduce the pin gear tooth width. |
| Q28 | Can the tooth width be made thinner to ensure clearance between the pin gear tooth width and the pin rack/pin wheel inner width? |
| A28 |
Please consider the sizes available in the flexible type (large center distance and frame width clearance). Sizes smaller than PDU040 are not available, but it is possible to reduce the tooth width. The limit is up to 2/3 of the standard tooth width. The allowable tangential load will decrease, but the degree of decrease will change depending on the material, so please contact us for details. |
| Q29 | Is it possible to specify the shaft hole machining of the pin gear? |
| A29 |
We can process shaft hole diameters, keyways, tapping, etc. as specified by the customer. Friction fastening lock type is also available. Please specify the dimensions when requesting a quote. |
| Q30 | Can the pin gear hub diameter and hub length be changed? |
| A30 |
It can be changed. Please specify your desired dimensions when requesting a quote. However, if there is a specified shaft hole diameter, it may not be possible to provide sufficient strength due to factors such as the hub diameter. |
| Q31 | Are the pin gear teeth hardened? |
| A31 |
The steel type pin gears have hardened tooth tips. Stainless steel types cannot be hardened. |
| Q32 | Is it possible to select and manufacture pin gears with numbers of teeth other than those listed in the catalog? |
| A32 |
Selection is possible, but there is a limit to the minimum number of teeth. Please select from the selection and drawing download service below. |
| Q33 | I would like to know the minimum number of teeth for a pin gear. |
| A33 |
This is listed in the "Pin gear applicable tooth number range" on the "Pin gear drive selection procedure" page of the catalog. For tooth number ranges marked with △, the allowable tangential load is lower than the catalog value, so please contact us. |
| Q34 | Is it possible to use Lock Sprocket on the pin gear or a keyless specification like Power-Lock? |
| A34 |
We can accommodate your request. We will consider it, so please contact us with your specifications and specify the operating conditions and shaft hole diameter. |
| Q35 | Can pin gears be used in conjunction with Torque Limiter and Shock Guard? |
| A35 |
We can accommodate your request. It is necessary to check whether it can be assembled. When requesting a quote, please let us know the model number of Mechanical protector you require. |
| Q36 | Is it RoHS compliant? |
| A36 |
Yes, it is supported. |
| Q37 | What are the functions of the flexible type? |
| A37 |
This specification has an increased center distance tolerance and also an increased gap between the pin rack/pin wheel and pin gear. It is ideal for driving kiln dryers and other devices that require strict installation precision or clearance to allow for thermal expansion. |
| Q38 | Is it possible to make only the pin gear flexible? |
| A38 |
If the frame size is compatible with the flexible type, you can also use a combination of flexible type pin gear and steel type pin rack/pin wheel. In this case, the allowable tangential load and backlash will be the values for the flexible type. |
| Q39 | How should I install pin racks and pin wheels? |
| A39 |
Please refer to the "Installation Method" and "Installation Accuracy" listed in the catalog. Please use at least the minimum number of bolts of the specified size per segment when installing. |
| Q40 | When installing the pin racks and pin wheels of each segment, should the ends be butted together? |
| A40 |
Basically, please install by butting them together. Even if there is a gap, if it is 0.2 mm or less, the pin gear can be transferred. This feature can be used to prevent segments from colliding with each other, such as in a turntable for changing direction. |
| Q41 | Can it be used Lube-free? |
| A41 |
Please use Pin gear drive unit (PDU) with oil. Before operation, be sure to apply extreme pressure grease to the outer surfaces of all rollers. Regular lubrication will ensure long-term use. The product is initially coated with simple rust prevention oil before shipping, but this does not provide any lubrication. Be sure to lubricate. |
| Q42 | I purchased Pin gear drive unit (PDU) for external drive, but can I use it for internal drive? |
| A42 |
Cannot be used. The tooth shape of the pin gear varies depending on the drive system and the number of pins on the pin wheel. Therefore, the pin gears are special types for both external and internal contact. |
| Q43 | Is it possible to use the same pin gear by changing the number of pins on the pinwheel? |
| A43 |
Cannot be used. The tooth shape of the pin gear varies depending on the number of pins on the pin wheel and the drive method. Therefore, the pin gear is a special type that corresponds to the number of pins on the pin wheel. |
| Q44 | When should I replace Pin gear drive unit (PDU)? |
| A44 |
This occurs when the pin gear teeth are worn or when the rollers on the pin rack and pin wheel are worn. The replacement times for pin gears and pin racks/pin wheels are different, and as the pin rack/pin wheel gets longer (larger), the pin gear will usually wear out first. After that, the rollers that make up the pin rack/pin wheel will wear down and the backlash will increase. If the rollers are worn, the pins that support them will also be worn. There are concerns about increased backlash and insufficient strength, so please be prepared to replace it. |
| Q45 | What happens when pin gears become worn? |
| A45 |
As the amount of wear increases, the backlash first increases. Please note that with steel types, wear will progress rapidly once the hardened layer on the tooth tip wears off. Please contact us regarding lifespan as tooth shape varies depending on specifications. |
| Q46 | When is it time to replace the pin rack/pin wheel? |
| A46 |
This occurs when the rollers, which are components, become worn. If the rollers are worn, the pins that support them will also be worn. There are concerns about increased backlash and insufficient strength, so please be prepared to replace it. |
| Q47 | Is it possible to purchase just the pin rack/pin wheel or just the pin gear? |
| A47 |
Pin gear drive unit (PDU) is designed to have a unique meshing between the pin gear, pin rack, and pin wheel, so it is generally sold as a unit. The tooth profile of the pin gear is designed to match the pin rack and pin wheel that it is paired with, so if you are purchasing it as a replacement part, please also let us know the drawing number of the delivery drawing. If you are willing to guarantee only the shape (functionality is not guaranteed), we will also consider selling the pin gear or pin rack/pin wheel separately. Please contact us. |
| Q48 | Is it possible to replace just one segment of a split pin rack/pin wheel? |
| A48 |
In the event of an emergency such as a line stop, we will respond upon consultation, but we generally recommend replacing all segments at the same time. Unless there is clearly a lot of pin gear engagement in only some segments due to driving conditions, there is concern that other segments are also wearing out. |

